Operators in C

Operators - Like Tools for Your Code.

In other words we can say that which type of data will store in a variable.

Imagine you're building something with your toys. You use different tools for different tasks, right? In C language, operators are a bit like those tools. 

They help you do things with your data - add, subtract, compare, and more.

Diagram of Common Operators:

+--------------------------+

|      Operators      |

+--------------------------+

| Arithmetic Operators|

 +   -   *   /   %   

+--------------------------+

| Relational Operators|

 ==  !=  <   >   <=  >= 

+--------------------------+

| Logical Operators   |

 &&  ||  !           

+--------------------------+

| Assignment Operator |

 =                   

+--------------------------+

| Increment/Decrement |

 ++  --              

+--------------------------+

| Bitwise Operators   |

 &  |  ^  ~  <<  >>  

+--------------------------+

Arithmetic Operators:

These are like math tools.

+ (addition): Adds two numbers.

- (subtraction): Subtracts the right operand from the left.

* (multiplication): Multiplies two numbers.

/ (division): Divides the left operand by the right.

% (modulus): Gives the remainder after division

int result = 10 + 5;  // result is now 15

Relational Operators:

These help you compare things.

== (equal to): Checks if two values are equal.

!= (not equal to): Checks if two values are not equal.

< (less than): Checks if the left value is less than the right.

> (greater than): Checks if the left value is greater than the right.

<= (less than or equal to): Checks if the left value is less than or equal to the right.

>= (greater than or equal to): Checks if the left value is greater than or equal to the right.

int x = 10;

int y = 5;

if (x > y) 

{

// This block will be executed because 10 is greater than 5

}

Logical Operators:

These are like logical tools.

&& (logical AND): Returns true if both conditions are true.

|| (logical OR): Returns true if at least one condition is true.

! (logical NOT): Returns true if the condition is false and vice versa.

int a = 1;

int b = 0;

if (a && !b) 

{

// This block will be executed because a is true and b is not true

}

Assignment Operator:

This is like giving a value to something.

= (assignment): Assigns the value on the right to the variable on the left.

int age = 25;  // The variable 'age' now holds the value 25

Increment/Decrement:

These are like counting tools.

++ (increment): Increases the value of a variable by 1.

-- (decrement): Decreases the value of a variable by 1.

int count = 5;

count++;  // Now 'count' is 6

Bitwise Operators:

These are like tools for working with individual bits (0 or 1) in binary.

& (bitwise AND): Performs a bitwise AND operation.

| (bitwise OR): Performs a bitwise OR operation.

^ (bitwise XOR): Performs a bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) operation.

~ (bitwise NOT): Flips the bits, changing 0 to 1 and vice versa.

<< (left shift): Shifts bits to the left.

>> (right shift): Shifts bits to the right.

int a = 5;  // Binary: 0101

int b = 3;  // Binary: 0011

int result = a & b;  // result is 1 (binary: 0001)

These operators are like your trusty tools in the C programming toolbox. Each one has its job, and you use them to build and manipulate your code!

Below is a simple C program that uses various operators available in the C language:

int main() { // Arithmetic Operators int a = 10, b = 5; int addition = a + b; int subtraction = a - b; int multiplication = a * b; int division = a / b; int modulus = a % b; // Relational Operators int x = 8, y = 8; int isEqual = (x == y); int isNotEqual = (x != y); int isGreaterThan = (x > y); int isLessThan = (x < y); int isGreaterOrEqual = (x >= y); int isLessOrEqual = (x <= y); // Logical Operators int p = 1, q = 0; int logicalAnd = (p && q); int logicalOr = (p || q); int logicalNot = !p; // Assignment Operator int variable = 42; // Increment/Decrement Operators int count = 5; count++; count--; // Bitwise Operators int num1 = 5, num2 = 3; int bitwiseAnd = num1 & num2; int bitwiseOr = num1 | num2; int bitwiseXor = num1 ^ num2; int bitwiseNot = ~num1; int leftShift = num1 << 1; int rightShift = num1 >> 1; // Displaying Results printf("Arithmetic Operators:\n"); printf("Addition: %d\n", addition); printf("Subtraction: %d\n", subtraction); printf("Multiplication: %d\n", multiplication); printf("Division: %d\n", division); printf("Modulus: %d\n", modulus); printf("\nRelational Operators:\n"); printf("Equal: %d\n", isEqual); printf("Not Equal: %d\n", isNotEqual); printf("Greater Than: %d\n", isGreaterThan); printf("Less Than: %d\n", isLessThan); printf("Greater or Equal: %d\n", isGreaterOrEqual); printf("Less or Equal: %d\n", isLessOrEqual); printf("\nLogical Operators:\n"); printf("Logical AND: %d\n", logicalAnd); printf("Logical OR: %d\n", logicalOr); printf("Logical NOT: %d\n", logicalNot); printf("\nAssignment Operator:\n"); printf("Variable: %d\n", variable); printf("\nIncrement/Decrement Operators:\n"); printf("Count: %d\n", count); printf("\nBitwise Operators:\n"); printf("Bitwise AND: %d\n", bitwiseAnd); printf("Bitwise OR: %d\n", bitwiseOr); printf("Bitwise XOR: %d\n", bitwiseXor); printf("Bitwise NOT: %d\n", bitwiseNot); printf("Left Shift: %d\n", leftShift); printf("Right Shift: %d\n", rightShift); return 0; // Indicates successful execution }

Output is as follow:

Arithmetic Operators: Addition: 15 Subtraction: 5 Multiplication: 50 Division: 2 Modulus: 0 Relational Operators: Equal: 1 Not Equal: 0 Greater Than: 0 Less Than: 0 Greater or Equal: 1 Less or Equal: 1 Logical Operators: Logical AND: 0 Logical OR: 1 Logical NOT: 0 Assignment Operator: Variable: 42 Increment/Decrement Operators: Count: 6 Bitwise Operators: Bitwise AND: 1 Bitwise OR: 7 Bitwise XOR: 6 Bitwise NOT: -6 Left Shift: 10 Right Shift: 2